1. Before you listen
Read the topic title. What words or situations do you expect to hear? Do not open the transcript yet.
Citiesoftendefineresiliencerecoveringdisruption
2. Listen
First listen: focus on the general meaning. Second listen: listen for the detail you need to answer the question.
Plays: 0
3. Check your understanding
Why can simple recovery be inadequate?
4. Listen and read
Try the question before opening the transcript.
Cities often define resilience as recovering after disruption. But returning to the previous state may recreate the vulnerabilities that made a crisis damaging. Genuine resilience can require adaptation so the next shock has less severe consequences.
5. Speaking follow-up
Answer these questions aloud in complete sentences:
- What is the main situation or argument in this listening?
- Which detail was most important for understanding the message?
- What is your own experience or opinion of this topic?